There has been a 4 percentage point increase in the shares of the Black population who live in the South between 1970 (52%) and 2019 (56%). Show terms of use for text on this page , Show terms of use for media on this page , Empowering (geo)scientists to transform workplace climate. Cornel West's 1993 book "Race Matters" explains in compelling ways the consequences of U. S. history and its implications for today. This is the case with many Irish and German Americans, for example, who often manifest minimal symbolic ties to the nationality of their ancestors: some foods, ethnic clothing on festival days, a smattering of language. Primary characteristics of diversity are usually the most visible; for example, gender, race, sexual orientation, and age, although often these may not be apparent. A Community Builder's Tool Kit. Race/ethnicity includes White British people, but. A growing share are foreign born, the population is aging (though some segments are significantly younger), and a growing share are college graduates. Race: A social construct that artificially divides people into distinct groups based on characteristics such as physical appearance (particularly color), ancestral heritage, cultural affiliation, cultural history, ethnic classification, and the social, economic and political needs of a society at a given period of time. The terms foreign born and immigrant are used interchangeably in this report. The 2000 decennial census is the first to allow Americans to select more than once race when asked about their racial background (for more, see , The terms Black Hispanic and Black Latino are used interchangeably in this report to refer to all people who self-identify as Black and Hispanic or Latino, or as Black and another race as well as Hispanic or Latino, on U.S. Census Bureau surveys. Issues of religion and race/ethnicity undergird current national debates around immigration, racial profiling, and democratic freedoms, but these issues, as the contributors document, are longstanding ones in the United States. The contributors also address the role of survey data, pedagogy, methodology, and literature that is richly complementary and necessary for understanding the scope and range of the subject of Asian American religions. And it is true, as well, for recent U. S. immigrants from the many nations and tribal affiliations in Africa. This umbrella term hides large differences in representation of different groups, including Native Pacific Islanders (Native Hawaiians and Polynesians) and Southeast Asian Americans (Filipino, Thai, and Vietnamese) who are underrepresented in STEM. We often speak of diversity in situations where African Americans, U. S. Latino/as, Asian Americans, American Indians and/or Anglo Americans interact with each other,for example. He uses "a team of genealogists to reconstruct the paper trail left behind by our ancestors and the world's leading geneticists to decode our DNA and help us travel thousands of years into the past to discover the origins of our earliest forebears," through his research into the lives of a series of well-known guests. FINALIST FOR THE NATIONAL BOOK AWARD * One of the first undocumented immigrants to graduate from Harvard reveals the hidden lives of her fellow undocumented Americans in this deeply personal and groundbreaking portrait of a nation. While roughly 1 million Black adults in 2000 (5% of the population over 25) had an advanced degree, that number rose to almost 2.6 million, or 9% in 2019. In 2019, the Atlanta metropolitan area came in a distant second, with 2.2 million Black people, and the Washington, D.C., area was next, with 1.7 million. The diversity definition refers to the existence of variations of different characteristics in a group of people. Discrimination directed against Jews is not "racism," but anti-Semitism. Why diversity is an advantage? As Europeans began to colonize the world in the 1500s, they came to classify people into three or more racial groups: Causasoid, Negroid and Mongoloid were fairly standardized by the late 1700s. --Selena Gomez NAMED ONE OF THE TEN BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY VULTURE AND ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New York Times Book Book Review * Time * NPR * The New York Public Library * Book Riot * Library Journal Writer Karla Cornejo Villavicencio was on DACA when she decided to write about being undocumented for the first time using her own name. Jehn, K.A., Northcraft, G.B., and Neale, M.A. Task 1 1. For African Americans, who experienced the imposition of early Europeanconcepts of race in their colonial projects as a way of justifying slavery, the social construction of race has been a means to take back control of the word on their own terms, and a source of pride and social cohesion. The key areas of diversity consist of: Culture refers to social behaviour, characteristics and way of life that a group of people practice which relates to their ethnicity. Our indigenous/native peoples share part of their identity from their common cultural history in this hemisphere going back millennia, but also consider their specific tribal affiliation to bea key component of their identity formation. OMB requires five minimum categories: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. It's a good rule of thumb to honor cultural diversity with your actions. More often than not, it is the color of the skin. Physical appearance becomes a way of allowing particular groups of people to feel that they are the only true citizens, that they are better than others who are made to feel less than full citizens. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. We encourage the reuse and dissemination of the material on this site for noncommercial purposes as long as attribution to the original material on the ADVANCEGeo site is retained. Not all Black Hispanics identify as Afro-Latino. Through these stories we come to understand what it truly means to be a stray. Of the 15 largest Latino origin groups, Cubans and Argentines had the highest median ages, at 40 and 39. Ethnicities share a cultural background. 1) Race as a negative social construct: physical appearance is used to discriminate, to exclude, to exploit, to abuse, and/or to profile, as in educational systems, traffic and criminal systems, housing and banking/mortgage lending, and medical care. Ethnicity is associated with culture, history, nationality, heritage, dress, customs, language, ancestry and geographical background. The share of Black adults who earned a bachelors degree or higher also grew nearly 9 points over the same time period, from 15% to 23%. It is important not to confuse the term minority with ethnic group. Race is biological and that it has caused societal discrimination. Diversity is present in every aspect of the U.S. Army, from recruitment and retention to combat operations. In 2019, 46.8 million people in the U.S. identified their race as Black, either alone or as part of a multiracial or ethnic background. In Connecticut, Cornejo Villavicencio, childless by choice, finds family in two teenage girls whose father is in sanctuary. Journal of Geoscience Education 55: 447-457. Income inequality within the Black population remains one of the widest within a major racial or ethnic group. Race and ethnicity are sometimes interrelated but not automatically so. Diversity is the mixture of people, culture, race, ethnicity, and more. In Flint, Michigan, we learn of demands for state ID in order to receive life-saving clean water. . And through it all we see the author grappling with the biggest questions of love, duty, family, and survival. In her incandescent, relentlessly probing voice, Karla Cornejo Villavicencio combines sensitive reporting and powerful personal narratives to bring to light remarkable stories of resilience, madness, and death. ETHNICITY Sense of identification with a collective cultural group Largely based on group's common heritage Can belong to ethnic group through birth or adoption of characteristics of that group. [Cathy Park] Hong is writing in agonized pursuit of a liberation that doesn't look white--a new sound, a new affect, a new consciousness--and the result feels like what she was waiting for." - From: Williams, D. A. New York: Routledge. As legal scholar Tanya K. Hernandez writes, The social experience of being consistently viewed as distinct is what informs a racial identity, not a shared culture. People who share an ethnicity may speak the same language, come from the same country, or share a religion or other cultural belief or expression. 1 The Black share of the U.S. population is higher today than in 2000 as well. Fear is all that holds us back. Their religion, home, music and workplace will be most likely be quite different. Race as a social construct: It is also true that in many, but not all, cultures physical appearance does carry with it social meanings that can be either negative or positive. The roughly 5,000-year-old human remains were found in graves from the Yamnaya culture, and the discovery may partially explain their rapid expansion throughout Europe. In Envisioning Religion, Race, and Asian Americans, David K. Yoo and Khyati Y. Joshi assemble a wide-ranging and important collection of essays documenting the intersections of race and religion and Asian American communities--a combination so often missing both in the scholarly literature and in public discourse. Racial and ethnic minority groups made up 40% of Defense Department active-duty military in 2015, up from . One's race might affect factors like life expectancy and treatment by the criminal justice system. 1999. The United States government recognizes distinctions between the concept of race and ethnicity, and sorts individuals as White, Black or African American, Asian, American Indian and Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, or other. It also recognizes two ethnicities: Hispanic or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino. Strategic diversity leadership: Activating change and transformation in higher education. According to the PEW Research Center, "As the country has become more racially and ethnically diverse, so has the U.S. military. Sterling, VA: Stylus. Though race has no genetic basis, the social concept of race still shapes human experiences. In society, the importance of cultural diversity grants you the opportunity to know more about different beliefs and what people need, as individuals we have our own beliefs and expect them to be respected, so cultural diversity gives people independence to live their lives freely. It is diverse, dynamic and ever-changing. A National Geographic team has made the first ascent of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a lava lake in the volcanos crater. Americans who maintain or seek out very close ties to their historical region of origin, on the other hand, may demonstrate profound similarities to those of their countries of origin. The analysis presented in this report and the accompanying fact sheet about the Black population of the United States combines the latest data available from multiple data sources. Source: Maurianne Adams, Lee Anne Bell and Pat Griffin, editors. Single-race Black adults and Black Hispanics 25 and older have similar, but lower, shares with a bachelors degree (14% and 15%, respectively) as well as an advanced degree (9% and 8%). 2016. Indeed, modern research has concluded that the concept of race has no biological validity (Google Race | Human. Encylopaedia Brittanica Online. The Ethnic diversity Is the coexistence of the diverse races that exist around the world and that differ in the color of the skin, the language or the customs. Diversity of cultural background. Huntoon, J.E, and Lane, M.J. 2007. The census has drastically changed since its first administration in 1790. Diversity is a characteristic of groups, not of individuals. We must distinguish the main terms within cultural or ethnic diversity. Multiracial Americans were one of the population groups that were more likely to change their racial identification between the two decennial census years. Racial identity as measured by the U.S. decennial census has changed over time. Recipients of geoscience bachelor's, master's and PhD degrees have lower racial and ethnic diversity than other STEM graduates. Consequently, each decade featured decreasing shares of the Black population living in the South. By contrast, for Black Hispanics, Miami is second, followed by the Boston, Los Angeles and Philadelphia metro areas. Commonly recognized American ethnic groups include, among others, African Americans, American Indians, Latino/as,Chinese Americans, European/Anglo Americans, Muslim Americans, Jewish Americans. Ethnicity: A social construct that divides people into smaller social groups based on characteristics such as shared sense of group membership, values, behavioral patterns, language, political and economic interests, history and ancestral geographical base. 3 There are many ethnic groups in the United States, due in large part to its immigrant population; each of these groups contributes to America's cultural heritage. A comprehensive database of books, articles, and dissertations in sociology and related disciplines, from 1952 to the present. This is what we mean when we talk of the educational benefits of a diverse learning environment, whether on the job, in the residence halls, on a university committee, or in class. A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa. race, age, gender, religion, sexual orientation, cultural . It is the shared system of learned and shared values, beliefs and rules of conduct that make people behave in a certain way. White refers to people who self-identify as White only (single race) and do not identify as Hispanic or Latino. Secondary characteristics, such as family status, education, income, and communication style are vital in shaping one's educational and career trajectories. Anyone who has watched an American Indian tribal council or an Israeli kibbutz in action knows that the concept is not unique to Dewey nor to American corporations. Ethnicity refers to cultural features used to classify people into groups or categories considered to be significantly different from others. In 1871, he wrote that cultural traits are entirely learned. At the same time, the words "race" and "racism" can be exclusive as well as inclusive. There are a number of demographic characteristic contributing to diversity. The concept of race as a categorization of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens) has an extensive history in Europe and the Americas.The contemporary word race itself is modern; historically it was used in the sense of "nation, ethnic group" during the 16th to 19th centuries. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Meanwhile, somewhat higher shares lived the Midwest and Northeast in 2000 than in 2019. 2) Race as a positive social construct: ones physical appearance is taken as a matter of pride, as a part of ones psychological identity. What are the differences between culture ethnicity and race? Besides New York City, the top urban centers for those identifying as multiracial Black are the Washington, D.C., Los Angeles, Philadelphia and Chicago metropolitan areas. It always lurks just beneath the surface, blinding us to the realities that make up our society, blinding us to the truths of our democracy. Hollywood Diversity Report 2022: A New Post-Pandemic Normal? Ethnic groups may be either a minority or a majority in a population, and that has nothing to do with who was here first. Whether a group is a minority or a majority also is not an absolute fact but depends on the perspective of group members as well as of those not in the group. While ethnic groups are typically smaller groups within a larger society, the larger . This is true whether the team is working on recruitment and retention, design of products and services, marketing, or even image. Among these groups, the multiracial Black population has the highest shares of adults 25 and older with a bachelors degree (20%) and advanced degree (12%). This means that while clearly defined, ethnicity is also fluid. Ethnicity. In the U. S. it has been used to justify the isolation, displacement and even extermination of American Indian/Indigenous nations and the institution of slavery in the 1700s and 1800s; the segregation of African Americans, Mexican Americans, American Indians, and Asian Americans in the 1800s and 1900s;the widespread disparagementof the "savage Mexican race" who stood in the way of "Manifest Destiny,"our westward expansion,and the taking of the northern third of Mexico in 1848; and the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. Stokes, P. J., Levine, R., and Flessa, K. W. 2015. The number of Black adults with a college degree or more education has more than doubled since 2000. In 2012, faculty of color comprised only 3.8% of tenured or tenure track positions in the top 100 earth science departments. Highly recommend. Socially constructed racial distinctions develop over long periods of time, just as do social perceptions of religion, language, family structures, or physical or mental challenges. Here, worshipers celebrate the blessing of the water and washing of the Ethiopian Patriarchs' feet on Holy Thursday in the Old City in Jerusalem. Age The workforce is getting progressively older. With more than 3.9 million Black people in 2019, Texas is home to the largest Black population in the U.S. Florida has the second largest population at 3.8 million, and Georgia is home to 3.6 million Black people. Diversity involves having people from a variety of cultural, ethnic and racial backgrounds consortium of different perspectives Differences in characteristics of humans. Race is mostly defined by our physical attributes. Bernard, R.E. Racial pride can foment racial prejudice, as in the case of white supremacists. Characteristics of culture can include religion . However, both are social constructs used to categorize and characterize seemingly distinct populations. Race You can talk about a member of a diverse community but not about a diverse individual. Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. This is what we mean by the educational benefits of a diverse learning environment. In 2016, women represented only 20% of all geoscience faculty. Race diversity A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment. 1586 ACS, Washington, DC, 2017. Racial and ethnic prejudices affect the distribution of wealth, power, and opportunity, and create enduring social stratifications. Media coverage was often brutally racist, which in turn demonstrated how in times of great stress we revert to our cultures social construction of race despite our very real progress toward a more integrated and equitable nation. The Census Bureau collects race data according to. Nelson, D. J. and Cheng, H. N.) Pp. Scientists just confirmed a 30-foot void first detected inside the monument years ago. The majority (63%) of multiracial Black people were age 22 or younger in 2019, reflecting the youth of this demographic subgroup. However, further exploration in the 18th and 19th centuries revealed that this system was too simple to be useful. In general, people can adopt or deny ethnic affiliations more readily than racial ones, though different ethnicities have been folded into racial categories during different periods of history. These tabs offer a small selection of resources on race, culture, and ethnicity. Other top states of residence include New York (3.4 million) and California (2.8 million). In 2019, 46.8 million people in the U.S. identified their race as Black, either alone or as part of a multiracial or ethnic background. Notably, Texas, New York and Florida make the top five for all subgroups. Unauthorized use is prohibited. Race and ethnicity are two concepts related to human ancestry. 2012. "Part memoir, part cultural criticism, the poet and essayist's Cathy Park Hong's first book of prose had me underlining and annotating nearly every page."--R. O'Connell, S., and Holmes, M. A. Foreign born refers to people born outside of the United States to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. In the Americas, as a result of encounters with many different indigenous peoples, as well as later immigration from many parts of the world, there are Latino/as of every possible national and ethnic group. In the U. S. we have made great progress, but there is still much to learn. Social media have recently revealed the killings and other forms of verbal and physical violence unfortunately directed against and by people from all races andethnicities that alert us to the work that we still need to do. Between 2000 and 2019, their numbers grew by 81%, outpacing a 70% increase among Hispanics. Race can also be a means of enriching everyones learning process, when we seek out people whom we perceive as being different from ourselves as a way of finding out about the world, a strategy, in short, for personal growth and development. Research on LGBTQ people in STEM is scarce because they are often left out of mainstream diversity initiatives, yet studies indicate that LGBTQ people are less represented in STEM fields than expected. In 2000, over half (54%) of Black people in the U.S. lived in the South, a very similar share to 2019 (56%). U.S. Black population or total Black population refers to all people who self-identify as Black in the United States. Nature Geoscience 9: 797-797. The 90th percentile of households in the overall 2019 population, by contrast, earned 12 times that of households with incomes in the 10th percentile.